This chapter is split into three parts
Yocto is not a linux distribution, and Yocto is not a kernel. Yocto is a set of tools that facilitates the compilation of a customized linux kernel on various embedded machines. We choose Yocto for its flexibility on building our own kernel, and also because Intel offers a complete BSP layer (will talk more about this) for building a customized kernel onto Intel Galileo.
Since Galileo's BSP layer uses an out-dated version of Yocto (1.6), many versions of operating systems won't work directly. In Fedora 20 I was able to get it working with many patches. In Mac OS, it is even harder to get it working.
So far I've had better experience with Ubuntu 12.04 and Debian 7.8, while debian 7.8 is the best and most recommended platform!